ANSWER:
No. There is no additional penalty. Rule 18-6.
There is no penalty if the movement of a ball or ball-marker is directly attributable to the specific act of measuring. Also, there is no penalty for continuing play of the hole with a different ball after taking a penalty under Rule 28, Ball Unplayable.
Rule 18-6. Ball Moved in Measuring
If a ball or ball-marker is moved in measuring while proceeding under or in determining the application of a Rule, the ball or ball-marker must be replaced.
There is no penalty, provided he movement of the ball or ball-marker is directly attributable to the specific act of measuring. Otherwise, the provisions of Rule 18-2a, 18-3b or 18-4 apply.
*Penalty for Breach of Rule:
Match play - Loss of hole; Stroke play - Two strokes.
*If a player who is required to replace a ball fails to do so, or if he makes a stroke at a ball substituted under Rule 18 when such substitution is not permitted, he incurs the general penalty for breach of Rule 18, but there is no additional penalty under this Rule.
Note 1: If a ball to be replaced under this Rule is not immediately recoverable, another ball may be substituted.
Note 2: If the original lie of a ball to be placed or replaced has been altered, see Rule 20-3b.
Note 3: If it is impossible to determine the spot on which a ball is to be placed, see Rule 20-3c.